Ages 5–6
Describing Material Properties
Describe simple physical properties of everyday materials such as hard/soft, stretchy/stiff, shiny/dull, rough/smooth, waterproof/absorbent, transparent/opaque
13 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 5–6
Naming Everyday Materials
Identify and name a variety of everyday materials including wood, plastic, glass, metal, water, and rock
10 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 5–7
States of Matter Vocabulary
Name and distinguish the three states of matter — solid, liquid, and gas — using properties vocabulary: hard, rigid, runny, flows, keeps its shape, fills its container; use 'change of state' to describe what happens when materials are heat…
12 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 6–7
Changing Shapes of Solids
Investigate how the shapes of solid objects can be changed by squashing, bending, twisting, and stretching
10 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 7–9
Changes & Separation Vocabulary
Use process vocabulary for changes of state and material separation — dissolve, solution, soluble, insoluble, evaporate, condense, melt, freeze, filter, sieve, mixture, separate — and understand precisely what each term describes, includin…
10 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 7–11
Drawing Particle Diagrams
Draw and interpret particle diagrams — dot representations showing the arrangement, spacing, and movement of particles in solids (close, regular, vibrating in place), liquids (close, random, flowing past each other), and gases (widely spac…
5 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 7–10
Testing Materials for Uses
Give reasons, based on evidence from comparative and fair tests, for the particular uses of everyday materials including metals, wood, and plastic
10 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 9–11
Advanced Material Properties
Compare and group everyday materials based on advanced properties: hardness, solubility, transparency, electrical and thermal conductivity, and response to magnets
11 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 9–11
Material Properties Vocabulary
Use technical vocabulary to describe and compare material properties — conductor, insulator, thermal, electrical, transparent, opaque, translucent, soluble, insoluble, magnetic, flexible, rigid, density — and apply these terms precisely wh…
10 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 10–11
Matter Is Made of Particles
Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen, and that this explains properties of solids, liquids, and gases
13 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–12
Atoms, Elements & Compounds
Explain the differences between atoms, elements, and compounds; describe the simple Bohr model of the atom (nucleus with protons and neutrons, electrons in shells); and write and interpret chemical symbols and simple formulae
12 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–12
How Materials Change State
Explain melting, freezing, boiling, condensing, and sublimation using the particle model, interpreting heating and cooling curves to identify melting and boiling points
21 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–13
Physical vs Chemical Changes
Distinguish between physical changes (reversible, no new substances formed) and chemical changes (new substances formed, often irreversible), using conservation of mass to understand both types
18 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–13
Pure Substances & Mixtures
Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures, identify formulations as useful mixtures with precise compositions, and use melting and boiling points to test for purity
22 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–12
The Particle Model
Use the particle model to explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases — including differences in arrangement, movement, and spacing — and apply the model to explain density, compressibility, and the anomalous expansion of water
32 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–12
The Periodic Table
Describe the organisation of the periodic table into periods and groups, explain the contribution of Mendeleev, and use the table to identify metals, non-metals, and predict patterns in reactivity
13 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 12–14
Finite Resources & Recycling
Explain that many raw materials (metals, fossil fuels, minerals) are finite resources, describe the environmental costs of extraction, and evaluate the benefits of recycling and the circular economy
12 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 12–13
Reactions That Release or Absorb Heat
Distinguish between exothermic reactions (release energy, temperature rises) and endothermic reactions (absorb energy, temperature falls), with everyday and industrial examples
15 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 12–13
Types of Chemical Reaction
Identify and describe four types of chemical reaction: combustion (burning in oxygen), oxidation (gain of oxygen), thermal decomposition (breaking down by heat), and displacement (more reactive metal replaces less reactive one)
131 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 13–14
Ceramics, Polymers & Composites
Describe the properties and uses of ceramics (hard, brittle, heat-resistant), polymers (flexible, lightweight, variable), and composites (combine properties of constituent materials), giving real-world examples of each
11 verified questions on this shelf