Ages 7–9
Active, Dormant & Extinct
Classify volcanoes as active (could erupt any time), dormant (sleeping but could wake up), or extinct (will not erupt again)
9 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 7–9
Inside a Volcano
Understand the inside of a volcano: magma is hot melted rock underground, lava is the same material after it reaches the surface, and volcanoes have a magma chamber, vent, and crater
10 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 9–11
Famous Eruptions & Pangaea
Know about famous eruptions and their global effects: Mount St Helens (1980), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), and how large eruptions can affect weather and climate worldwide; understand that continents were once joined (Pangaea) and have slowly…
9 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 9–11
Measuring Earthquake Strength
Know that scientists measure earthquakes using seismometers, that earthquakes release energy that travels as waves through the ground, and that a magnitude scale describes their strength
9 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 9–10
Natural Disaster Solutions
Generate and compare multiple solutions to reduce the impacts of natural Earth processes on humans, such as earthquakes, floods, or volcanic eruptions
16 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 11–13
Seismic Waves & Earth's Interior
Distinguish between P-waves (compression, travel through solids and liquids) and S-waves (shear, cannot pass through liquids); explain why a seismic shadow zone exists on the far side of an earthquake; describe how seismologists use wave r…
5 verified questions on this shelf
Ages 12–14
Hazard Assessment & Evacuation
Explain probabilistic hazard assessment using eruption recurrence intervals and fault slip rates; describe how volcano observatories monitor ground deformation, gas emissions, and seismicity to issue alert levels; explore why communities r…
5 verified questions on this shelf